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ouword{var newwords;newwords = unescapewords;document.writenewwords;} ouword; 一、控制閥的選型 a、控制閥選型的重要性 調(diào)節(jié)閥是自控系統(tǒng)中的執(zhí)行器，它的應(yīng)用質(zhì)量直接反應(yīng)在系統(tǒng)的調(diào)節(jié)品質(zhì)上。作為過程控制中的終端元件，人們對它的重要性較過去有了更新的認(rèn)識。調(diào)節(jié)閥應(yīng)用的好壞，除產(chǎn)品自身質(zhì)量、用戶是否正確安裝、使用、維護(hù)外，正確地計(jì)算、選型十分重要。由于計(jì)算選型的失誤，造成系統(tǒng)開開停停，有的甚至無法投用，所以對于用戶及系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員應(yīng)該認(rèn)識閥在現(xiàn)場的重要性，必須對調(diào)節(jié)閥的選型引起足夠的重視。 b、控制閥選型的原則 1、根據(jù)工藝條件，選擇合適的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和材料。
2、根據(jù)工藝對象的特點(diǎn)，選擇控制閥的流量特性。
3、根據(jù)工藝操作參數(shù)，選擇合適的控制閥口徑尺寸。
4、根據(jù)工藝過程的要求，選擇所需要的輔助裝置。
5、合理選擇執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)。執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的響應(yīng)速度應(yīng)能滿足工藝 對控制行程時間的要求：所選用的控制閥執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)能滿面足閥門行程和工藝對泄露量等級的要求。在某些場合，如選用壓力控制閥包括放空閥，應(yīng)考慮實(shí)際可能的壓差進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)姆糯?，即要求?zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)能提供較大的作用力。否則，可能當(dāng)工藝上出現(xiàn)異常情況時，控制閥前后的實(shí)際壓差較大，會發(fā)生關(guān)不上或打不開的危險。 二、控制閥的附件 在生產(chǎn)過程中，控制系統(tǒng)對閥門提出各式各樣的特殊要求，因此，控制閥必須配用各種附屬裝置簡稱附件來滿足生產(chǎn)過程的需要?？刂崎y的附件包括： 1、閥門定位器用于改善控制閥調(diào)節(jié)性能的工作特性，實(shí)現(xiàn)正確定位。
2、閥位開關(guān)顯示閥門的上下限行程的工作位置。
3、氣動保位閥當(dāng)控制閥的氣源發(fā)生故障時，保持閥門處于氣源發(fā)生故障前的開度位置。
4、電磁閥實(shí)現(xiàn)氣路的電磁切換，保證閥門在電源故障時閥門處于所希望的安全開度位置。
5、手輪機(jī)構(gòu)當(dāng)控制系統(tǒng)的控制器發(fā)生故障時，可切換到手動方式操作閥門。
6、氣動繼動器使執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的動作加速，減少傳輸時間。
7、空氣過濾減壓器用于凈化氣源、調(diào)節(jié)氣壓。
8、儲氣罐保證當(dāng)氣源故障時，使無彈簧的氣缸工活塞執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)能夠?qū)⒖刂崎y動作到故障安全位置。其大小取決于氣缸的大小、閥門動作時間的要求及閥門的工作條件等。 總之，附件的作用就在于使控制閥的功能更完善、更合理、更齊全。 三、控制閥的維護(hù) 控制閥具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單和動作可靠等特點(diǎn)，但由于它直接與工藝介質(zhì)接觸，其性能直接影響系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量和環(huán)境污染，所以對控制閥必須進(jìn)行經(jīng)常維護(hù)和定期檢修，尤其對使用條件惡劣和重要的場合，更應(yīng)重視維修工作。重點(diǎn)檢查部位： 1、閥體內(nèi)壁 對于使用在高壓差和腐蝕性介質(zhì)場合的控制閥，閥體內(nèi)壁、隔膜閥的隔膜經(jīng)常受到介質(zhì)的沖擊和腐蝕，必須重點(diǎn)檢查耐壓、耐腐的情況。 2、閥座 控制閥工作時，因介質(zhì)滲入，固定閥座用的螺紋內(nèi)表面易受腐蝕而使閥座松動，檢查時應(yīng)予注意。對高壓差下工作的閥，還應(yīng)檢查閥座密封面是否沖壞。 3、閥芯 閥芯是調(diào)節(jié)工作時的可動部件，受介質(zhì)的沖刷、腐蝕zui為嚴(yán)重，檢修時要認(rèn)真檢查閥芯各部分是否被腐蝕、磨損，特別是在高壓差的情況下閥芯的磨損更為嚴(yán)重（因氣蝕現(xiàn)象），應(yīng)予注意。閥芯損壞嚴(yán)重時應(yīng)進(jìn)行更換，另外還應(yīng)注意閥桿是否也有類似的現(xiàn)象，或與閥芯連接松動等。 4、膜片"o"形圈和其它密封墊。應(yīng)檢控制閥中膜片、"o"形密封墊是否老化、裂損。 5、密封填料 應(yīng)注意聚四氟乙烯填料、密封潤滑油脂是否老化，配合面是否損壞，應(yīng)在必要時更換。
| 會員1.png)
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